The Cambrian News and Merionethshire Standard

ODDFELLOWS AT MACHYNLLETH. THE increased interest manifested in the Odd- fellowship at Machynlleth on Tuesday last, when the tenth anniversary of the Llynlloedd Lodge was celebrated, fairly represents the altered state of the public mind respecting friendly societies all over the country. Well-to-do people are discovering that lodges of Oddfellows, Foresters, and Druids are common ground where working men and those above the social scale can conveniently meet and render each other mutual assistance. Eight honorary mem- bers it might reasonably be thought are nothing to boast of, but when it is remembered how long working men are left, unavoidably left, to struggle alone in their efforts to make provision for sickness and bereavement, the number is one for which the lodge may fairly claim credit. The balance sheet up to Dec. 1877 shows progress, but we have called attention to it mainly to point out that a lady, Mrs. MILTON DAVIES, appears as a donor of £4. This timely gift enabled the lodge to show a favourable balance of £4 8s. 9d. on the management fund account. The balance would have been still larger, had it not been that the burgeon had to be paid for two years' attendance, owing to a deficiency in the fund last year. Hardly anything is more difficult than to know how to give money wisely, but a contribution to a friendly society is almost certain to be well-used, and never fails to kindle between the different classes of society that kindly feeling which has done so much to preserve this country from violent changes. There is in the balance sheet one item that shows the Machynlleth Ledge deserves support. Publicans, as a rule, place a room at the disposal of friendly societies for a merely nominal rent, and often make no charge at all. The temptation to drink for the good of the house is considerable in cases of this kind, and, although the lodge appar- ently saves money, the individual members pay dearly for the accomodation, and in some instances niav contract habits of insobriety. The Llynlloedd Lodge meets at the Town Hall, and wisely pays J64 a year for the rent of the room. How difficult it is to induce a lodge to pay a sum of £4 a year for accomodation which can be bad at nearly any public house for nothing is well known to those who have taken interest in friendly societies, and tried to remove them from public houses to private places. The management of friendly societies affords admirable training for working men who are apt to undervalue qualities and powers that make no demands upon physical forcn. Members of lodges, it is well kbown, are groat sticklers for the punctilious observance of ceremony, and it is a very grave offence not to address an officer according to the titles he bears. Disorder of any kind is almost unknown in lodge rooms--indeed it is questionable whether a little mote freedom would not increase the popularity of the meetings, raid tend to make young men more eagerly seek for official position. The part friendly societies have played in reducing pauperism will only be fully recognized when the history of tiiis century comes to be written. The givat advance in the social life of the people will abide when revolutions and political changes that now claim prominent attention have sunk into the oblivion that has attended similar move- ments in the past. Pauperism is the great problem each generation of statesmen for more than two hundred years has left unsolved—the problem which the people are now, however, in a fair way to solve for tnemselves by their own provident habits. It is remarkable that the deep and long-continued depression of trade in South Wales has not yet resulted in a rate of pauperism much higher than in some of the ill-managed unions ot the North. Perhaps this year's returns will show a worse state of things thall last; but still it must be admitted that notwithstanding much deeply- regretted improvidence there must have been a good deal of saving and forethought, for which the sufferers in the houth are never credited, friendly societies, again, it mast be remembered, have yet very little to thank Governments for but perhaps in the future something may be done to extend their sphere of usefulness by enabling them to make provision on more favourable terms for old members, &c. From whatever side friendly societies are looked at, they are clearly an in- fluence in the right direction, and are worthy of that support which every man has it in his power to give by becoming a member and paying his subscription regularly. The Aberystwyth dis- trict, as was pointed out at the meeting on Tues- day, is making headway, but the progress would be much more rapid if the great advantages, both pecuniary and social, of friendly societies were more generally acknowledged and more frequently remembeied by those who have influence with working mea. There is no surer way of helping a district than by starting a branch of one of three great orders. To open a lodge and take interest in it until it is firmly established is to give a district a new force for good. There is much to be done in this direction in many parts of Wales, especially where out-reliet and not frugality is depended upon in times of need.

NIGHT SCHOOLS. ON Friday night, the pupils who attended the Aberystwyth Night School last winter assembled at the Board School. Certificates and prizes, provided out of a fund subscribed by a few friends of the school, were presented, and it was an- nounced that the classes would be opened again next October. Night-schools are rarely as suc- cessful as the one at Aberystwyth, owing partly to the fact that youths engaged at work during the day-time do not attend regularly, and that tbe teaching is often of a very secondary quality. Those who oppose education, because they are afraid the effects will be to abolish workmen and servants, must have strangely exaggerated notions of the amount of education that can be obtained by average boys and girls up to thirteen years of age at the best of schools under the most favour- able circumstances. Work of nearly every kind has become much more scientific than it used to be, and demands more highly-trained workmen and workwomen for it; performance. The great want of the present time is skilled labour—men and women who can be depended upon not merely to act mechanically. The comfort, health, and lives of people are in the hands of servants of all kinds, and it is only by training these servants, and making them acquainted with the operations of physical laws, that anything like safety can be ensured. It is feared by some good people that there will be a dearth of ignorant labourers, and that the country will be over-run with educated and highly-refined poor people, who notwithstand- ing their high culture, will be compelled to follow manual labour and spend their days in menill pursuits. There has now been something like twenty-five years of great educational activity in this country. Anytime during the past quarter of a century, the cry that the country was being ruined by education has been heard. The most ardent lover of ignorance, how- ever, and the firmest believer in its power to save a nation from utter ruin, may rest satisfied that the efforts to educate the people have not yet succeeded in doing more than touch the fringe of that valuable mass of ignorance which some people are afraid will be altogether removed in their lifetime, and perhaps soon enough to materially interfere with their chances of making a living. With the assistance of the professed opponents of education, there wouid, we fear, still be plenty of ignorance left in the world after another century's hard, continuous and united labour. If efforts to obtain instruction ever deserve encourage- ment,it is when young men engaged during the day- time, in shops and offices, exercise sufficient self- denial and control to attend evening classes, in order that the scant instruction they received at school may be supplemented, and their power to earn a living increased. Now and then a youth of exceptional mental power or ot rare patience, may lift himself out of the sphere of life in which he was born, but this evil, if it must be called an evil, is far too limited to endanger the commercial prosperity of the country. The absence in small towns of resorts for youths, is one of the pressing wants of the times, If a night school does nothing more than provide a well-lighted and comfortable room for eighty or ninety boys, three times a week, the movement is one that deserves public recognition and support. The education department happily encourages night schools so liberally, that it is possible to carry them on without loss, except for prizes and entertainments, which are wisely given to encou- rage the pupils in their self-appointed task.

LOCAL AND DISTRICT NOTES. At last Aberystwythjstands bracketed with Gower at the head of the unions of South Wales, with a per centage of pauperism of only 3 per cent. This is a very proud position for Aberystwyth, and one highly creditable to the Board of Guardians. The improvement has gone on steadily year after year, sometimes in the face of much opposition. The Chairman, Mr. H. C. FKYER, believes, and there can be no doubt about it, that the percentage may be reduced still further without inflicting hardship upon the poor. He would, indeed, be a brave man who ventured to say that in Aberystwyth Union squalor and suffering are more common now than they were seven years ago. The poor are better cared for than in unions where every improvident applicant receives a dole, and no care is exercised to prevent imposters obtaining out- relief. Tregaron stands at 4'3 and Lampeter at union showing an improvement, in the latter case of more than one per cent. Both Tregaron and Lampeter will run Aberystwyth close in another year or two, as these unions show a disposition to weed the relief lists of all undeserving cases. Cardigan union has a percent- age of pauperism of 7'1 per cent., or more than double that of Aberystwyth. One of the tables shows the total percentage of pauperism on the population on the 25th of March, 1878. According to this table Aberyst- wyth had 2-8, and Merthyr Tydfil and Gower 2 7 Of ceurse it may happen on any given day that the number of paupers chaTgeable may be above or below the aver- age for the half year. Aberaeron Union, it should be stated, comes up very well in the list, and stands fourth with a percentage of only 33. A good deal still remains to be done, and it is to be hoped the Guardians all over the district will try to beat Aberystwyth, and that Aber- ystwyth will maintain the honourable position it has ob- tained under the chairmanship of Mr. Lewis PUGH PUGH and Mr. H. C. FRYER. Mr. FRYER'S devotion to the Union has been of great advantage to the ratepayers. His well-known kindness and gentleness have made thou- sands believe in the wisdom of curtailing øut relief who would never have been convinced by the unsupported advocacy of a sterner man. It is for the sake of the poor that thoughtful men desire to see pauperism reduced to much narrower limits than even it has reached at Aber- ystwyth. <l- Nothing is more amusing than the Loudon corres- pondence of the Provincial daily papers. The Liverpool Mercury of Saturday bst, under Our London Corres- pondence," announced that Mr. DAVID DAVIES'S seat for the Cardigan Boroughs is to be contested. Here is the extract— In Wales the seat of Mr. DAYlES is challenged at Cardigan. This will be a pity, for the honourable member, though always unintentionally, makes very amusing speeches, and is listened to with attention. He is what is known as a character," and, although he does not often address the house, when he does so he usually selects subjeets he knows something about, and, in a curious conversational style strongly impregnated with a Welsh accent, he conveys to the house what he has to say and is not only listened to but always attracts an audience. Mr. DAVIES began life as a blacksmith, and joined with a Mr. LAVIES, who at that time was a draper in Oswestry, in extending the railway facilities of Wales. They made the Cambrian Railway, and did much better out of it than the shareholders in fact, they made a lot of money. Mr. LAnEs lost, but Mr. DA. VIES did not. He bought a colliery in South Wales, which had previously proved ruin to many proprietors; but he thought that by skilful care and management it might turn out a good thing. His expectations were fully realised, and he is now one of the richest men in Wales, and a legislator. His old manner and speech still cling to him. He is a favourite that will be severely missed in the house should the electoral die throw against him." This is amusing, if for the errors it contains. When was Mr. DAVIES a blacksmith ? Who is Mr. LAVIES ? How many men were ruined by the colliery Mr. DAVIES took up and made a success ? And, most important of all, who is the candidate that is going to contest the boroughs against him ? It is well for history that London Corres- pondents neither write it themselves nor provide the material for thoe who do. Sir PnYSE PRYSE. Bart., took the first prize at the Royal Agricultural Show at Bristol last week in hackneys up to fifteen stone. This is creditable to the county, and ought to stimulate horse breeders. In black cattle Mr. JENKINS, Talsarn, took, a first priza. Cardiganshire is certainly manifesting signs of agricultural progress. The Llynlloedd Lodge of Oddfellows celebrated their tenth anniversary at Machynlleth on Tuesday. About a hundred members and friends sat down to a excellent din" ner in the Town Hall. At the Aberystwyth Petty Sessions, on Wednesday last, the Clerk to the School Board prosecuted several negligent parents for not sending children to school. The cases occupied a long time, and the Bench, as usual, showed a strong disposition to allow the people to escape. If the Bench fined the defendants consistently there would be less of this constant argument. The Aberystwyth School Board were engaged nearly two hours on Friday last in hearing reasons from parents for the non-attendance at school of their children. The conclusion the Board seems to have reached in reference to about fifteen or twenty boys is that the parents have no power, and that the boys are masters. Whether under these circumstances it will not be necessary to send the boys to industrial schools is a question for the Board. The only difficulty is the cost, but nothing in the long run can be so expensive and unsatisfactory as to have to keep these incorrigible boys in prisons and workhouses. There are, we know, some people who preLend to believe that ignorance is an excellent thing, but they themselves do not act upon this belief. The most enthusiastic advocates of ignorance when they can afford it, send their children to good schools. The members of the Aberystwyth School Board are clearly face to face with a phase of the education question that must be dealt with in more effective ways than by issuing notices and listening to the struggles of parents with masterful children. The Earl and Countess of LISBURNE were welcomed home on Tuesday evening with great heartiness by about three thousand persons. Addresses were read, and pre- sentations made of a silver dessert service, a chaste time- piece, and other articles. The reception, which was orgamzed by Mr. ROBERT GARDINER and a committee, was successful in an eminent degree. The eleventh annual festival of the Ardudwy Choral Union was celebrated on Thursday week in the castle yard at Harlech. Mr. OAKELEY, Tanybwlch, and Mr. DAVID HOWELL, Machynlleth, presided. The perform- ance of HANDEL'S Judas Maccabteus in the evening, with full orchestral accompaniment, was a musical treat. The storage of gunpowder in mining districts is a much more important matter than the public generally suppose, in the absence of explosions. There are places where immense quantities of explosives are stored, and nobody seems alarmed. A Dolgelley tradesman was fined 13s. on Friday at Barmouth petty sessions for having kept upwards of 5,000 pounds of powder in an unauthorized store, in the parish of Llanelltyd. This penalty is a serious one, but probably the results of an explosion would have been more serious, both for the defendant and his victims. Nearly a year ago an effort was made to erect public baths at Aberystwyth. A large number of shares were taken up, but for some reason or other nothing has yet been done towards carrying out the work. The need for swim- ming baths is so great at Aberystwyth that it is to be hoped the directors will bestir themselves and get the works carried out, so that next year the season may not be curtailed because visitors are unable to bathe. If, as is rumoured, the plans are too expensive, other plans must be obtained; in fac £ almost anything would be better than further delay. The lamentable condition of the Dolgelley Union, both as regards pauperism and the audit of the accounts, has long been notorious. The condition of pauperism is due mainly to the Board itself, but the audit of the accounts depends on the Clerk, who at last has been called upon to resign by the Local Government Board. A good deal was said at the last meeting iu the direction of avoiding, if possible, the peremptory order of the London Board, but ultimately the Clerk re- signed. This is another proof that the old lax order of things has passed away, and that officials must discharge the duties for which they are paid. A good deal of sympathy was expressed for the Clerk, who, however, it was pointed out, has had plenty of warning. It is re- markable how little is thought of the poor ratepayers in cases of this kind. The rates in Dolgelley Union are far higher than they ought to be. The discussion on out. relief was continued. Mr. E. D. EVANS asserted that the parish of Dolgelley had a large number of paupers who ought to be in the workhouse. Mr. EVANS, accord- ing to his own admission, is not prepared to do his duty until the Dolgelley Guardians do theirs This is an ex- cellent way to ensure a continuance of the present bad system. Paupers with homes and "nice" little gardens are better off, perhaps, than some of the poor ratepayers who have no nice" gardens, and are not by any means so comfortable as the Llanymawddwy paupers are repre- sented to be. As near as can be estimated in the absence of actual figures, we will inform Mr. EVANS how every pound of the rates are spent: out-relief, say lis. 6d. county police and county road rates, 3s. 6d.; in main- tenance, Is. 6d. lunatics in asylum, Is.; salaries of officers, Is.; re-payments of loan and interest, 2d.; rations of officers, school fees, extra medical fees, furni- ture, &c., printing, vaccinatiou, &c., 8d. If Mr. EVANS will obtain a return he will find the rates are disposed of in something like this proportion. The delu- tion is that nearly all the rates are spent in salaries, but the fact remains that more than half goes in out-relief, and that a large proportion of the remaining amount must be expended. The scandal of out-relief must be faced and got rid of, and the sooner the work is under- taken the better for the Board and the ratepayers. At the Aberystwyth Town Council meeting, on Tuesday, the question of the footpaths in the neighbourhood of the town were again referred to. Se veral members of the Council spoke as if public footpaths were allowed to remain open by the kindness landowners This is a curious view, and will encourage those who have interfered with public rights to persevere in their efforts to close public paths. Nobody but a member of the Council, perhaps, would have been so credulous as to look to that body for any- thing like assistance in maintaining public rights. We record this week the deaths of the Rev. ROBERT ROBERTS, of Llangeitho, the well-known CalvinisticMetho- dist minister, and of Mr. W. R. WILLIAMS architect and civil engineer, of Dolgelley. Mr. WILLIAMS was a member of the Dolgelley Local and School Boards, of which latter body he was chairman. On Tuesday, a despatch from the Marquis of Salis- bury was issued, explaining the stipulations and objects of the Treaty of Berlin. Its general effect, the despatch says, has been to restore, with due security for good government, a very large territory to the Government of the Sultan, and it tends powerfully to secure from external assault the stability and independence of the Turkish Empire. Lord Salisbury says in conclusion "Whether use will be made of this—probably the last —opportunity which has been thus obtained for Turkey by the interposition of the Powers of Europe, and of England in particular, or whether it is to be thrown away, will depend upon the sincerity with which Turkish statesmen now address themselves to the duties of good government and the task of reform. On Wednesday morning, Sir Garnet Wolseley, the Lord High Commissioner of Cyprus, arrived at Malta. The requiem mass for the late Queen of Spain was celebrated with much pomp at Madrid on Wednesdav. Fifteen hundred persons were present. In an action brought by Prince Louis Napoleon against the Siecle newspaper for defaming his father, Napoleon the Third, by asserting that he had fraudulently aug- mented his revenues by selling State lands and woods, a verdict was given against the Siecle, which was ordered to pay 2,000 francs fine. A terrible crime has been .committed at Llangibby, a remote village about eight miles from Newport, Mon- mouthshire. The victims, a farm labourer named Wat- kins, his wife, and three little girls, aged eight, six, and four, who lived on the border of the village, were found dead on Wednesday. The dead bodies of Watkins and his wife were found in the yard with their throats cut and with severe bruises on the man's forehead. The houiie was on fire in two places, and in a room upstairs the three children were found dead, stabbed, and also severely bnrnt. The murders are believed to have been committed by tramps, as some articles of clothinghad been stolen. The death is announced of Miss Catherine Winkworth, author of Lyra Germanica."

LOCAL AND DISTRICT. ,V"i'V'V"V' PARLIAMENTARY PETITIONS.—By Lord Shaftesbury from certain inhabitants of Merioneth against vivisection. ^ARCHDEACONRY kSr. JASAPH.—It is said that the archdeaconry of St. Asaph, vacant by the death of the late Archdeacon Morgan, has been accepted by the Rev. \V. Richardson, rector of Corwen. Mr. Richard- sous brother—the Rev. Thomas Richardson vicar of Aberdovey—has been appointed to Rhyl Vicarage. PIIRMONS FOR LIQUIDATION.—Owen Jones, High-street, Poitmadoc, Carnarvonshire, draper and engine driver: W. A. Hill, formerly called W. A. Smith, Vauxhail-road and Rupert-lane, Liverpool, and of the Cae Coch Mine, in Llanroch wyn, Carnarvonshire, manufacturing chemist, as \V. Hill and Sons; D. Rogers, Carmarthen, plumber, &c. THE DENBIGH, RITHIN, AND CORWEN RAILWAY'.— This line was on Monday, July 8, transferred to the working of the London and North-Western Railway Com- pany, much to the satisfaction of the inhabitants of Ruthin, who believe that the transfer will be a great ad- vantage and convenience to them. At 8"45 a.m., a train made up of five of the London and North-Western car- riages, started from Denbigh, and its arrival at Ruthin was awaited by a large concourse of people, and was welcomed by the strains of the Ruthin Drum and Fife Band. The line was afterwards inspected by Mr. J. Guest, Mr. E. Wood, district superintendent, and several other officials from Chester, for whom a special train was provided. In com- fort, speed, &c there is said to be already a manifest im- provement, and it is hoped that a very much improved service of trains will follow. DEATH OF THE REV. lOBERT ROBERTS.—At nine o'clock on Monday evening, July 15th, the Rev. Robert Robert., Llangeitho, departed this life after a long avid severe ill- ness in the eightieth year of his age. The reverend gentleman was one of the leading ministers of the Calvinistic Methodist denomination, and his loss will be greatly felt throughout the Principality, but especially in Cardiganshire. Mr. Roberts began to preach in the year 1840, and was ordained to the full work of the ministry in the year 1847. He was the Moderator of the South Wales Association for the year 1874. His funeral is to take place between eleven and twelve o'clock tiiis (Friday) morning. The remains are to be interred in the Calvinistic Methodist burying ground, Llangeitho. The n _ze decased has left a widow and six children to mourn his loss. MEETING OF ANGLESEY CONSERVATIVES.—A special meeting of the Anglesey Conservative Association was held on Tuesday, July 16th, at the Williams' Bulkeley Arms Hotel, He,m:\ri8. to decide upon the action to be taken by the party m view of a general election. Captain Prichard-Rayner (Plas Llanddyfnan) presided, and there were also present Sir Richard Williains-Bulkeley, Bart., Colonel Hampton Lewis, Mr. Richard Roberts (Plas Llechylched), Mr. J. Bodychan Sparrow, the Rev. Peter Jones, Mr. George Hughes (secretary of the association), and others. A proposal was brought forward in favour of the candidature of Sir R. Bulkeley, who unsuccessfully contested the county at the last general election, and who, from his popularity with all classtw of the constituency, has long been regarded as likely to be again brought for- ward in opposition to Mr. Richard Davies. Sir Richard, however, declined to contest the representation, on the ground of indifferent health, and it was decided to request Captain Prichard-Rayner, to eome forward. He declined to give a decided answer, and the meeting was adjourned to August 8th, at Llangefni, to learn his decision. Captain Prichard-Rayner issued an address at the last election, but withdrew after a few hours' candidature. Nothing was said about the boroughs, for which Colonel Hampton Lewis, of Henllys, who was beaten in 1873, is spoken of as a probable candidate in opposition to Mr. Morgan Lloyd, dc. ASSIZES.—These assizes were con- cluded on Saturday, July 12, before Lord Bramwell, who was o(;cnpic:d until a lato hour in hearing a special jury case commenced on Thursday, in which the Carnarvon- shire Slate Company were sued by Mr. Nanney for damages for an alleged trespass on his farm of Dolbebi, Nantlle, thi removal of slate rock belonging to him, the diversion of the stream, and the maintenance of a road. -Mr. M'Intvre, Q.C., and Mr. Swetenham (instructed by Messrs. Jones and Jones, Portmadoc) were for the plaintiff, and Mr. M. Lloyd, Q.C., and Mr. Coxon for the Company. On the question of the road, a judgment without a verdict was directed to be entered. The jury assessed the slate taken from the plaintiff's land at £ 346 8s., the amount claimed by him being about 11,000. They found that the stream had been diverted without leave and licence, and on this point a verdict was entered for the plaintiff for 40s.—His Lordship reserved the ques- tion of costs, and on the application of Mr. M'lntyre, continued the injunction restraining the Company from working on the plaintiff's land.—In reply to his lordship, the jury stated that they were unanimous in fixing the boundaries marked on the plans produced by the plaintiff's surveyor.

CHARGES AGAINST A MEDICAL OFFICER OF THE FESTINIOG rXIOX. LOCAL (; O VE RN M X ST BOAlm INQUIRY. On Friday, July 12, an inquiry was held at the Boardroom, Penrhyndeudreath, by Mr. T. LI. Murray Browne, Local Government Board Inspector, into certain charges preferie 1 against Mr. Richard Jones, medical officer of the Llanfi- hangel district of the Festiniog U, iiion. Elizabeth Evans, who was the first witness, deposed— I live at Xi.auCvdr, and ..hij ■ station is at my < house. Tuesday, April Oth last, was a vaccination day, and three o'clock in the afternoon was the time for tne doctor to attend. Mrs. Davies, Werngron. Margaret Jones, Tynycoed, Mary Lloyd, and Elizabeth Thomas attended with their children, and waited for two hours. After they left the doctor came, but he was quite and not in a fit state to vaccinate. He attended the following week, but wag then very drunk. In October of last year I saw him attend in a very drunken statj. j Jane Davies. daughter of the last witness, and who lives with her, corroborated her mother's evidence. Margaret Williams, Ty Capel, Ll.uifair, deposed that she was a widow, and in receipt of parochial relief. In February last she lived at Talwrn, in the Dolgelley Union, On Monday, the 18th of February, she asked her uncle, who was going to Llanbedr, to speak to Dr. Jones about her child, and ask him to virithim. The doctor said he would not attend. On the Thursday fol- lowing, witness called on the Relieving- Officer, and received from him a note asking the doctor t., visit the case. She sent her daughter with the note to Dr. Jones. who said that if the boy was in danger, he would come that night. He (the doctor) complained of being ill. He went to see the child on the Friday, but was so drunk that be could hardly mount his horse. In a week afterwards, witness removed to Llanfair in the Festiniog Union. She asked Dr. Jones OR a Saturday to see her boy. He was in drink then, and complained that he was busy, but said he would callon Sunday. Hedid not call as promised. Some day in the following week witness saw the doctor, who promised to attend, but did not do so, although he had to pass the house of witness every time he went to Llanfair. Witness never saw him sober. Robert Prichard, 80years of age, of Tyucha, Talsamau, said :—About two months ago I received a paper from the Relieving Otficer, ordering medicine, and went to l.lan- bedr to see the doctor. It was on a Friday; and I saw the doctor about 12.30 in the afternoon. He came from bed, and said he had no time to make me the medicine that day, but would send it me the following day. On the following day (Saturday) I heard that I he doctor was in the village, and went there to him. I saw him go into the Ship Inn, and from there to the garce i attached to the inn. He was then very drunk. He told me he had forgotten all about the medicine, but would send it to me by train on Sunday afternoon. He did not do so. I met the train daily, in hope of receiving the medicine. On the following Thursday he brought it to me himself. In a few days lie came to the village again, and told me to go to Harlech by twelve o'clock next day. I went, as requested, and took with me a bottle for more medicine. I met the doctor on the road. He was on horseback, and said he would come to me at once. After waiting some time I went in search for him. and found him in the Bellevue Inn, with some drink before him. I asked him for my medicine. He said he would attend to me directly, and requested me to sit down. I refused to do so, and went out. I saw him again later on the same day. He was then coming out of the Bellevue. He gave me my medicine, but was quite drunk. I have only seen the doctor sober once, and that was the first time I saw him. Margaret Davies, of Werngron, said that on Tuesday, the litli April she attended the Llanbedr vaccination sta- tion with her child. She was there at three o'clock, and waited until after five, but Dr. Jones had not come when she left. Several persons were there with her. Dr. Jones cross-examined several of the witnesses, but did not succeed in shaking their testimony. For the defence, Laura Morris, of Talsarnau, and Jane Richards (the doctor's servant maid) were called, and de- posed that the doctor was perfectly sober when lie went to see Jane Williams's son at Talwin. The inquiry then closed, and until after the Inspector has forwarded his report to the Local Government Board no further action will be taken. 0--

DOLGELLEY. DEATH OF All!. W. R. WILLIAMS, VHOX.—We much regret to have to announce the death of Mr. IVilliam Robert Williams, civil engineer, architect, &c., "N ron Arran, which took place on Thursday, July 11. The de- ceased had suffered a great deal, and had been laid up for several weeks. His funeral, which was a public one, took place on Monday, July 15. The members of the School Board and Local Board, Board School children and Odd- fellows met the body at the gate leading to V ron, and just as the procession was going to move the school chil- dren sang the Welsh hymn, Y mae'r byd yn myned heibio, with great feeling. Cortege:- Rev. E. Lewis, M.A., Rector. Mr. R. O. Williams, clerk. Members of the School Board. Members of the Local Board. Board School Children. Friends. Members of the Dolgelley Lodge of Oddfellows. Pall Bearevn. HEARSK. Pall BearerH. Relations. Friends, We noticed amongst others present Mr. J. Ll. Taylor Cliffe, Mr. Thomas Oliver, Farchynys, and Mr J. Edmond, Bodowen. We have seldom seen so large a funeral. The church was quite full, and all the school children, to- gether with great many friends, could not get in. The service was read by the Rev. E. Lewis. Deceased was buried in the new churchyard. He was fifty years of age. As the coffin was being lowered down to the grave, wreaths of flowers were placed on it by the deceased's brother, Mr. D. Williams, of London, and other relations, after which a part of scripture was read by Mr. Richard Jones, chaplain of the Dolgelle}' lodge uf Odd- fellows, of which the deceased was a member. Mr. Williams was greatly beloved and respected, as was clearly shown on Thursday by the attendance of so many gentle- men, managers, and working men, who had come from all parts of the county to pay their last tribute to the de- ceased. The deceased was not a native of our town, but came here when quite a young man, and went as clerk to the Dolfrwynog mine where he studied mining, engineering, and surveying. About twenty-six years ago he married Miss Ellen Carroll (who survives him), and a short time after he began business as surveyor, engineer, and architect, which he pursued up to the time of his death. It was entirely owing to his own perseverance and kindliness that he gained the high position which he held. The de- ceased was a Fellow of the Geological Society, a member of the Dolgelley School Board (of which he was chair- man since its commencement), and a member of the Local Board he was also the clerk to the trustees of the D. M. and T. Turnpike Roads, and until the last year or two was the agent of the Cliffe Estate. SPECIAL PETTY SESSIONS, MONDAY, JULY 15.— Before Edward Jones, Esq. Vagrancy.— John O'Connel and William Dunn, tramps, were charged by P.C. E. Morris with lodging in a hay. stack belonging to Mrs. Evans, the Star, on Saturday night, July 13.—Committed for fourteen days (with hard labour) each to Ruthin gaol. PETTY SESSIONS, TUESDAY, July 16.-Before Lewis Williams, H. J. Reveley Charles Edwards, John Vaughan, and Edward Jones, Esqis. Trans/tr of Licence.-An application was made for a transfer of the licence of the Golden Goat Inn, Dolgelley, from Mr. Evan Jones, the present holder, to Robert Griffith, joiner, which was refused. Enterimg Train while in Votion.-Evan Jones, joiner, Machynlle th, was charged with thisoffence.Fred. Vaughan stated: I produce a certified copy of the Cambrian Rail- ways By-laws, duly published as required by law.—The defendant appeared and pleaded guilty.—Fined 2s. 6d., and costs, in default seven days. Drunk and Riotous.-P.C. D. T. Morgan v. Robert Hughes, Pantycae, Arthog.—Complainant stated I saw- defendant at Dolgelley on the 22nd June last in Eldon- street. He was drunk, and came to me and challenged me. I told him to go home.—Fined 10s. 6<1., and costs, in default fourteen days.—Same v. Catherine Gallager.— Defendant was charged with being drunk and riotous on the 21st June last.—She appeared and pleaded guilty.— Fined 10s. bd., and costs, in.default fourteen days.-P.C. Richard Jones v. Robert Davies, tinman, for being drunk and riotous'on the 18th June. Defendant appeared and pleaded guilty.—Fined 5s., and costs, in default seven days.—Same v. John Morgan.—For being guilty of this offence on the 18th June, at the Skinners' Arms, defend- ant pleaded guilty.—Fined 5s., and costs, in default seven days. Permitting Drunkenness.—P.C. Richard Jones v. Evan Jones, Skinners' Arms.—Complainant stated, I went to the Skinners' Arms OIl the 18th June last, and saw John Morgan, the last defendant, in the house. He was very drunk. He had a part of a glass of beer before him. I did not see him drink anythiag. Defendant was in another room. There was a little girl in the room. I asked for Evan Jones; he came in from another room. I called attention to the man having been served. He said he was sorry, the little girl did it. I told him he was re- sponsible.—Fined 1:1, and costs, in default 14 days. Drunkenness.—"P.C. Richard Jones v. Richard Owen.— Defendant pleaded guilty.—Fined 10s. 6d., and costs, in default 14 days.—P.C. T. D. Morgan v. H. L. Pugh.— Complainant stated, on the 19th June, defendant was at the Golden Goat Ian. I was called in by the landlady, he was drunk. The landlady, in my presence, asked him to go out. He said he would not go. I then, at her request, turned him out. Ultgal Fisltinrl.Nir. David Pugh, Clerk of the Fishery Board, v. Rees Jones.-The service of the summons was proved, and a warrant of apprehension was granted.— Same v. Robert Griffith.- i iiig and abetting the last defendant.—Case adjourned for a fortnight. Nitisance.-Dolgelley Local Board1 v. Griffith Jones, smith, If or depositing rubbish near Bontfawr Bridge. De- fendant pleaded guilty.—Fined Is. and costs. Assault.John Jones v. Robert Thomas.—Complainant said, I live at Fridd-ddu, Llanaber, was at|Dolgelley fair, 27th June last. Defendant was also there. I was stand- ing at the top of Eldon-aquare, and another person speak. ing to me, and I was going with that other person when the defendant hit me with his closed fist in the mouth.— Griffith Jones examined:—I am father of last witness. I was with him at the fair, and saw defendant strike him. I was eight ar ten yards off them.—Fined 10s. and costs. Poor Rate. -Llanym,)wdd wy .poor-rate was signed, and allowed by the justices. The annual licensing meeting was fixed for the 27th August next. BOARD OF GUARDIANS, SATURRAY, JULY 13.— Present: Messrs. John Vaughan (chairman), E. Grif- fith (vice-chairman), Lloyd Murray Browne (Local Government Board Inspector), Lewis Williams (ex- officio), Williams, Llwyn, Dr. Williams, Messrs. E. D. Evans, W. Williams, John Humphreys, John Davies. John Evans, and Joseph Roberts, clerk. The Clerk called upon to Resign.— The Chairman said he had received a letter from the Local Government Board. It was as follows Whitehall, 10th July, 1S-,S.-I am directed by the Local Govt. Board to inform the Guardians of the Dolgelley Union that Mr. W. W. Jones, district auditor, has reported that he has been obliged to adjourn nntil the 15th inst. the audit of the Union accounts in sonsequence of those accounts not having been maoe up by Mr. Roberts, the clerk, in time for the audit. The Board desire to remind the Guardians that in March last they were under the necessity of calling for Mr. l{"berts'i< resignation on account of persistent neglect of duty, ,illd it was only in deference to the unanimous wish of the Guardians that he should have a further trinl, that the Board did not then insist upon i is relinquishing his office. The Board, however, in complying with the guardian's wishes distinctly stated that if Mr. Roberts was guilty of any similar neglect -if dutv, they would have no alternative, but to require his immediate resignation. Under the circumstances now reported by the auditor, the Board must request the guardians to call upon Mr. Roberts at once to plae in their hands his resignation of the office of clerk I am, sir, your obeditnt servant, Walter J. Sendall, assistant secretary." The chairman added that that was this case as to its circumstances. He did not see that the Local GovernmentBoard g-ave the guardiansanyalternative. Had the clerk any explanation to give The clerk Yes sir, but I woull rather make it when Mr. Murray Brown was present.—The Inspector then entered the room, and the chairman again the letter. Mr. Browne added that he had nothing to say. l he__j.. jrjrst says he has some explanation to otier. i _■ of all. the audit was not adjourned on 1 There were two parishes and one oJier (n; anc[ pared. The overseers and collectors were no r^e did not come here until the audit was a ]-> \110f}ier notice was written at the time when they cam thing I may say. 1 had become a great ueal m « {rom with mv work, in consequence ot ;lL^' „„pars home iu London. I have had to work^th £ rears up, and that has been done vng tU ot one or two hours labour ou tU L „:toee I have also been obliged to attend Assessment meetings, as Mr. Griffith knows, days am: days. the valuation. He knows that I ready co',l^y- done all ih- work.—Mr. Marrav Browne: Earned I can do. I am sorry for Mr. Roberts., I have vaxnea him personally over and over again of what v.o.t a:l tiiis. This Board has warned him and the rpytpre js ernment Board hns warned h^m.—The Chairman only one course left open to us to-day.—lhe <-ie may suspend it, sir.—Mr. Lewis Williams Are > pared for the oudit or. Mondav next?—'rlne tlerJi Mr. Lewis Williams: Then we had better ™tttu he has done.—The Chairman: But it doesnt »PI*« to be jptioaal on our part.—The Clerk I,tbl^1* s;on. suspend me. I think you can put me unaer ai. I _jThe — The Chairman: Not according to thise wi'lliams Clerk I have not seen that letter at all.—I'r- *hort Perhaps Mr. Roberts will leave the roomJ*J time.-The Chairman I don't see that an him gamea oy that, as we have no option but to can u lgtter to resign. I mast reply to the Central and must tell them. I don't see that they <r tion, and Mr. Browne says he can do « £ thi^annoi Lrowne: It is out of my hands.—Ihe Ue/ ^ht?— you allow it to remain until this day .^nliauce The Chairman I cannot, and act ia ,C0-1'P once_ with that letter which says that vou must resi^i1 oajd Of course if you can satisfy the Local (rovernK^ it is for them to overlook it.—The Clerk: In (^overn- not having been communicated with by the Local djourn ment Board, I do not know what to sav unless you it. i-—The Chairman But we have no power to ai.J r They say positively that vou are to P'a<* (j0I1't resignation at once in our hands, and, therefore-1 see how we can alter it. If vou can satisfy ttie Government Board that you have done all that vou = to have done or could be reasonably expected of y° haps they will alter their decision, but in the v.prts letters we are powerless.—Mr. L. Williams Mr- \ir0n. may write to day and give his explanation, and if he on \^te day passes his accounts before the auditor he ca" ifa.. again.—Mr. Williams. Llwvn I agree with that. Lewis Williams Cannot we postpone it for a, The Chairman We have HO power according to I take it that we are obliged t» comply with their o. • —Mr. Griffith I nless we call upon Mr. Roberts o' sign at the next meeting.—Mr. John Evans: 1 g think he car. resign at once. He must have a -r_ to prepare his books and give them up.—The Cn^ man (reading from the letter) The Board must re(lu _g the Guardians to call upon Mr. Roberts at on to place in their hands.liis reignatioji. Of course the ten Board cannot ant anything fro; n Mr. Roberts that is reas It able and if he satisfies them, it may their decision all is not for us to do it.—The Clerk I have not henl ork. since then md have worked very hard to get upthis All those parishes, as some gentlemen on this cr»;iiiui^ee j have given me a great deal to iio.Mr. John EvanVnne know t.iat j now there us much wrk *,nle for one p.-irish as there usesi to -for tiie union.—The .Chairman: Wo!I, kjtc is tiiis letw and I mu-c answer it. j < mi »>r and tell them that M-. ];beri.'s resI?lv tion has rot been placed ir. our hands. I ca" !is however, that his resignation has been placed in our pending his explanat:o:The Cieik There is this must give notice for.the next meeting because it is 11 motion. Chairman: I don't find tkat to be so.—Mr. Williams If he resigns he will leave his books, and will not oe obliged to pass the audit or anything. —Mr. Brown.-1: Oh, "° will be under notice, and will have to do the work until anotn« clerk is appointed. — The Chairman The Local Governrneiu Board consider you have been guilty of very grave neglect oi duty and they call u?on you to place your resignation in 0 to hands at once. It is either to obey that or disobey, eIther it. consider this letter as so much waste paper or to act upon Under the circumstances, therefore, we must call upon place your resignation in our hands at once.—The Clerk: well, sir.—Mr. Browne Mr. Roberts will remain in office un we get another clerk.—Mr. E. D. Evans I propose that- The Clerk: When my resignation is gone in I am supposed to have nothing to do with any of the documents.— Mr. Bro*Te: Xot at all. I asi sorry for Mr. Roberts, and we are all sor7 for him, but it must be borne in mind that this is not a sU"" den thing. As you know, there has been a great deal of cor" respondence and complaints previously.—The Clerk I have heard nothing of the complaints until thi? morninff, then 1 could not answer.—Mr. Browne You remember the last letter • —The Clerk 1 mean this. I have heard nothing of this. n I must say that the parish of Dolgelley was behind and Lla°" aber had not a figure down, and another officer was behin<i- I am blamed for all.—Mr. Browne Oh, no, you are blamed for all.—Mr. Roberts then handed in liis" resignation, and it was ordered to be inserted in the minutes. h The Water Supply.—The Clerk read a letter from Mr. John Ellis, secretary of the Water Works Company, saying that they would supply the workhouse for dietitic purposes only ior per annum. A short conversation occurred, and in the end it was resoired to see if the present water supply could not M improved. — The Admintorcttim printed lists of pauperf t having been produced, the Chairman asked Mr. Browne if he had any remarks to make upon the suhject of relief -Mr- Browne replied that all the Guardians knew his views, and there- fore he would not take up the time of the Board in repeating them. He would, however, merely observe that the matter rested entirely with the Guardians.—Mr. Edward Evans thought it was the duty of every Guardian to keep his own door-step clean. In the parish of Llanymawddwy there were 19 paupers* and he knew each case to be deserving. The relieving officer would bear him out in that statement. Supposing however, that the Board went over that list, and suppos;n<* thev found that there was one of those 19 paupers who omrht to be in the workhouse, and they were to ask him as a Guardian for Llanymawddwy, if he would send the paupers into the work- house, he should say X o. under no circumstances •" and this was his reason:—For evervone belonging to the district of Llanymawddwy who ousht to be in the workhouse he could pit his finger upon 30 belonging to other parishes until those paupers were brought into the workhouse he would not lvocate the sending in of one. So long- as the parish in which the workhouse was situated did not make use of it he did not see how it could be expected that parishes afar of should do so. He had heard it fraquentlv said that lis. in the pound of the rates was paid in relief. He said, in respect to that "prove it if you can." He thought it was nearer 7s. than Ils. Supposing, however, that lis. was paid iu relief, why should the Board be always talking about that and payinz not attention to where the remaining 9s. went ? Why should they consider what they did with one half sovereign and not take the other half into consideration at all ? There were some of the farmers present who were always said to advocate out-relief. Thev were called county guardians. Xow. he did not know whether it meant anything more than that they lived in the country (laughter) —Mr. Browne It is complimentary.—Mr. John Evans • We are the practical guardians and the others the theoretic (Lauebter). —Mr. Evans (continuing) said the county guardians were "repre- sented as steady advocates of out-relief. They were however, not so in reality, for if the Board saw how much relief was given to the country parishes, and the amount of rates paid by those parishes it would be found that the out-relief only amounted to 3s. or 4s. in the pound. If the Board made en- quiries they would find that there were as nianv paupers in Dolgelley and Llanaber as those of all the other parishes "at together.—Mr. Edward Griffith observed that the population and ratable value were also more than those of the other parishes put together.—Mr. W. Williams, in Welsh, stated that Dolgelley had 147 paupers, and that they had cost £ 532 in six months, ls. 4fl. half-yearly per bead, and 2s. 9},1. weekly per head; Llanaber, 78 total half-yearly, £3 4s. jojd. half- yearly per head, and 2s. 5Jd. weekly per head Llanenddwyn, 52 total half-yearly, £3 14s. 22d. half-yearly per head, and 2s. 10}d. weekly per head Llanddwywe, 37 paaperSf £160 total half-yearly, £4 68. SJd, half-yearly per head, and 3s. 3fd. weekly per head; and Llanelltyd, 13 paupers £77 total half-yearly, ISs. 5d. half-vearly per head, and 4s. 6Ad. weekly per head.—Mr. John Evans said the Board must distiDish be- tween paupers. In Dolgelley there were agreat manv drunkards, ramblers, and idlers, but there were none in his parish. All the paupe-s of his parish had homes with, in some cases, a little garden attached, and, although it was not a very smart affair, there was no place like home. He was in favour to allow paupers who lUlU children to refund the out-relief, but the workhouse should he offered to single persons who required much attention and who had no social connections. Jt was then agreed to meet to cussthe printed lists on Friday, the 26th July, at the Town During the conversation which occurred respecting the day be decided upon for the revision, M' John Evans said he fifteen miles, the nearest way. to go in order to attend, e Board. Each time it cost him 7s. He had to get up at fiV the morning to get his breakfast: and did not return until eight at night, so he had to have two meals at Dolgelley .—Mr. Ed*- Griffith said the Guardians had to pay for their privilege8' (Laughter.) Mr. Evans humourously said the country dians should be remunerated.—Mr. Griffith replied that tne Griffith said the Guardians had to pay for their privileges, (Laughter.) Mr. Evans humourously said the country dians should be remunerated.—Mr. Griffith replied that tne Board would get an Act of Parliament passed to meet -Mr' Evans's difficulties. (Laughter.) e Pauperism in the Tali/llim District .—Mr. Mori-is Jones. tbf relieving officer for this district, presented a statement pauperism. Total number in receipt of out-relief 240 the P°f„i lation 5,937 = 1 in 24. We shall g've the detailed next week. House Buildmg.—The medical officer for the Talyllvn dist1?^ having reported'to t5ie Local Government Board that build* was going on in the district at a great rate and that houses huddled together without system or order, the Local Go ment Board suggested that the powers of an Urban Authority, IInder section 157 and ns of the Public Health tbO' 1875, should be applied for, giving power to the Sanitary .A.ujJd- ritv to exercise needful sanitary supervision over house-bu"tt ing in the district.—Dr. Williams gave notice that at then meeting he would move that the powers should be soh131^ from the Central Board,

By Press Association BIRMINGHAM CORS MARKET-THCR^^y's There was a short supply of English wheat at this market, for which more money was asked, but thehos^g done was at last week's prices. In American the^^yg a moderate business done, at 6d. to Is. per last week's rates.

BRISTOL CORS MARKET—Thcbsd* There was scarcely any English wheat on offer t laSt and the sale was very slow, as well as for Dot week's prices. Barley and maize in good reques^d. dearer. Oats continue dull, with very little Beans and peas unaltered.

BRISTOL CATTLE MARKET.—TTff&ff'qvW Large reduction in the supply of beef, an jfa. for trade, resulting in a reduction in price 75s; 0pply of best, and 70s. per cwt. for inferior sorts. FBJr for best mutton, and a moderate trade per SOO pigs wethers, 10d. to lOB. for Iamb. There were re- from Ireland slow sale at 9s. Gd. to lis. per

THE TRAGEDY AT LLANGl#|f been A Spanish sailor, named Joseph Garcia, j^jng ^"e prehended at Abergavenny, on suspicion 0, j^t heen murderer of the family at Llangibby. 2e i,eavy boots, released from Usk gaol and was wearlnfr bands a different from those he had on leaving.cj0thes face were bloody and much scratched. j6arks of, wet as if they had bee 11^ washed, and ^-ashed, ana on them. He had a clasp knife, recently some female clothing and other articles.

»Sl) LORD BEACONSFIEL? LORD SALISBUB*- '1 on Thursdaj The London Court of Common C01:Jfb City. to Earl resolved to present the freedom A discussion Beaconsfield and the Marquis of Salis^ t^nquet, but took place, as to the propriety orjze the Lands ultimately it was resolved to arrangements to Committee to expend witness the enable the greatest number of the P presentation.

.m"- h-St V T iben-sWll1 score >;EXT WEEK.—Letters on -surig, Towyn news, &c. of a Cricket Match at str»< r. J f,00late for insertion. The Dolgelley Vi.-itor,' Lists arn

„ -paILWAV (fil miles open).— Bunco:; AND MERTHYR week ending July 14. 1S78. Traffic Statement for 4s. 3(1.; goods and live Passengers, parcels, &c., £ 1>22S 0s. Hd.: £ 20 2s. stocv, is. o., „ ggpouding week last vear—(61 A per mile per week Corr m m r!S W £ 1.1°° 1?*- S|1-: total. £ 1,406 10s. 2d.; £ *>3 ls^lcT per' mile' Per week.—Decrease for this week, £ T8 31 A^3te for 2 weekp-1878' £ 2'469 1Gs- for 1877, £ 2,094 7s. Id. Decrease fcr-J w t-.elts, £ 224 lOs.od.

patent mower is that the stones are un- picked, and be does not see the use of obtaining a haymaker as long as he is compelled to have men on the ground to cut the grass. Not unfrequentty when the stones are gathered into heaps they are lefo on the held for years. The first cost of labour-saving machinery is the obstacle that stands between the farmer an:1 the manufacturer. It is easier for the farmer to pay a man half-a-crown or three shiilings a day for a month or six weeks every year than to pay £10 or £15 down for a machine that will do the work ia two days, under the guidance of a man at the same wages. The expenditure of £100 in the erection of a turbine might not only save endless labour, but make that possible which is now im- possible but in the first place, the tenant is not in possession of the £100, and in the second he is only a yearly tenant, and would not venture upon an expenditure which might result in a rise of rent, and perhaps a notice to quit. The farmer, therefore, goes on cutting food by hand just as his fathers did before him, with the result that he cannot make profit out of keeping stock, the preparation of whose food is a far more serious item than it was fifty years ago, when his competitors were unable to obtain the mechan- ical aids he now neglects to use. No farmer who means to make profit should take a holding un- less he can arrange with his landlord for the erection of a turbine, a water wheel, or a wind- mill to drive his machinery. An antiquated hi y chopper, minus a blade, is better than nothing, but only just. A man and a boy by working hard can prepare food in a day which, with a modern machine and the use of steam, wind, or w.iter, would be prepared by a boy in half an hour. Pulpers, slicers, crushers, chaff cutters, &c.. not only reduce the cost of a given amount of labour, but make it possible to get through a very much larger amount. A considerable number oflarmiug operations must be performed within a given time if the work is to be profitable. Water wheels, turbines, mowers and reapers, improved ploughs, grubbers, drills, slicers. pulpers^ and crushers, which cost nothing to keep and are always ready for use, enable the farnaer to do bis work in the best style and just when it ought to be done. A large amount of hard labour now done by females is saved, for instance, where churning is done by water power. The saving in preparing food for four or five horses again by machinery, instead of by hand, is almost equal to the maintenance of a horse but that is nothing to the saving effected by getting ground prepared for seed at the right tima, and in securing the crops as soon as they are ready for harvesting. Every hay harvest grass is left uncut until half its nutriment is lost by over- ripeness. To complete the loss, the crop, when at last mown, is left on the ground until it is withered and worth little except for bedding. One of the reasons why turnips and mangels are not more extensively grown in Wales, is that the ground requires more preparation than the aver- age farmer, with his antiquated appliances, can give it, without neglecting the ordinary work on the land. In autumn, wheat, oats, and barley are often left in the fields until the grain drops out of the husks, and, after the crop is cut, the remaining portion of the grain soaked again and again before it is finally garnered. With the present restricted supply of labour, it behoves farmers to provide themselves with machinery, so that they can get through a press of work either at seed time or harvest, by merely putting on an extra machine, which will do the work of eight or ten men. In this, as in other matters, there is a spirit of improvement abroad. Machines and implements sell far more freely now than they sold ten years ago, notwithstanding the fact that manufacturers do not make special efforts to in- crease the sale. At agricultural shows in Wales it seldom happens there is more than one stand of implements and machinery exhibited, and not infrequently there is no exhibition of this kind at all. This fact is to be regretted for the farmer's sake, and it is not one that can be considered beneficial to implement makers and agents. Agricultural shows are now common all over Wales, and implement manufacturers might make an allowance to their agents towards their expense of conveying implements to shows, and keeping them at work daring the time the public are ad- mitted to the show yards. In Eng- land, and in some parts of Wales, agents find it pays them to do this on their own account, but as a rule in many parts of Wales the carriage of the machines is an item of expense that would exceed perhaps the profit on a year's^sales. It is unfortunate that Welsh farmers who do not think of going to the Royal Show, and who have little faith in new fangled machines, seldom have the opportunity at their local shows of seeing at work machines and implements which would in many instances pay for themselves in one year. The practice of some large landowners of sending their tenants to the lloval Agricultural Show is one that might be extensively follow ed with great advantage. One drawback, in a poor country, against the introduction of improved machinery in found in its clearness, which is partly caused by patents and middle men.